Endocrine System MCQ Questions and Answers
1. Which gland is often referred to as the “master gland”?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pituitary gland
D) Pancreas
2. Which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Calcitonin
D) Aldosterone
3. Which hormone stimulates milk production in the mammary glands?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Prolactin
D) Oxytocin
4. Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
5. Which gland is responsible for producing insulin?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
6. The adrenal glands are located on top of which organ?
A) Liver
B) Kidneys
C) Pancreas
D) Spleen
7. Which hormone is released in response to stress and helps the body cope with emergencies?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
8. Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland and regulates sleep-wake cycles?
A) Melatonin
B) Cortisol
C) Epinephrine
D) Estrogen
9. Hyperthyroidism is caused by an excess production of which hormone?
A) Thyroxine
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Calcitonin
D) None Of These
10. Which hormone is responsible for regulating sodium and potassium levels in the blood?
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Cortisol
D) Glucagon
11. Growth hormone (GH) is produced by which gland?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
12. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
13. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the kidneys to reabsorb water, thus reducing urine production?
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Cortisol
D) Glucagon
14. Which gland is responsible for producing adrenaline?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pancreas
D) Pituitary gland
15. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body’s metabolism?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Thyroxine
D) Cortisol
16. Where is the thyroid gland located?
A) In the abdomen
b) In the chest
c) In the neck
d) Behind the liver
17. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow?
A) Thyroxine
B) Erythropoietin
C) Parathyroid hormone
D) Prolactin
18. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of sperm cells in males?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
19. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Prolactin
D) Oxytocin
20. Which gland is often referred to as the “hormone control center” of the body?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Hypothalamus
D) Parathyroid gland
21. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of insulin and glucagon from the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels?
A) Cortisol
b) Thyroxine
c) Somatostatin
d) Somatotropin
22. Which hormone regulates the body’s response to low blood sugar levels?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
23. Which endocrine gland produces melatonin and plays a role in regulating sleep-wake cycles?
A) Pituitary gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Adrenal gland
d) Thymus gland
24. Which gland is responsible for producing the hormone thymosin, which plays a role in the development of the immune system?
A) Pituitary gland
B) Thyroid gland
C) Adrenal gland
D) Thymus gland
25. Which gland is responsible for producing estrogen and progesterone?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Ovary
D) Pituitary gland
26. Which endocrine gland is responsible for the production of hormones that control the body’s response to stress and metabolism?
A) Adrenal gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Thymus gland
d) Pancreas
27. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the conversion of glycogen into glucose in the liver?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
28. Which hormone stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles and sperm production?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
29. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of breast milk?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Prolactin
D) Oxytocin
30. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating milk ejection during breastfeeding?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Prolactin
D) Oxytocin
31. Which organ secretes the hormone erythropoietin?
A) Liver
B) Kidneys
C) Pancreas
D) Spleen
32. Which type of gland secretes hormones into the bloodstream directly?
A) Endocrine gland
B) Exocrine gland
C) Paracrine gland
D) Autocrine gland
33. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood pressure and fluid balance in the body?
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Cortisol
D) Glucagon
34. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating ovulation in females?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
35. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the breakdown of fats and proteins for energy production?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
36. Which part of the adrenal gland releases epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine?
A) Adrenal cortex
B) Adrenal medulla
C) Adrenal sinuses
D) Adrenal papilla
37. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the maturation of eggs in females?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
38. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
39. Which hormone is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the production of red blood cells?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Erythropoietin
D) Thyroxine
40. Glucagon, released by alpha cells in the pancreas, primarily targets which organ?
A) Lungs
B) Liver
C) Kidneys
D) Stomach
41. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of bones and tissues?
A) Growth hormone (GH)
B) Insulin
C) Glucagon
D) Cortisol
42. What is the primary target organ for thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH) released by the anterior pituitary?
A) Liver
B) Kidneys
C) Thyroid gland
D) Pancreas
43. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body’s metabolism and energy production?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Thyroxine
D) Cortisol